66 years of Independence –
a question of a common
man
Development of Steam Engine
ushered Industrial Revolution (IR) in England in 1760,
the first phase of which was concluded by 1830 –
while IR was sponsored by Indian money (resources) through British East India
Company (1600 -1884) which started business
officially since the period of Jahangir, established first trading post at
Surat in 1612. After the Battle of Palassy in 1757 (which is the real date qua tryst with Destiny)
till Mutiny in 1857, Company amassed wealth in
England, thus second phase of IR consummated in UK and percolated in the world
gradually.
Initially UK, later on Charka played the deterrent role qua IR in India.
Suez Canal was a
compulsive-outcome of IR, opened in 1869. It was
one of the most important mile-stone in the economic life of India. At that
year, the total export of India was Rs. 80 crores and the value of Rupee
against the predominating world currency i.e. UK Pound, was Rs.10 = 1£
After 58 years
of British exploitation, in 1927 the export
increased by 300 % and the value of Rupees was
about Rs.13.34 = 1£,
i.e. Rupee devaluated marginally on an average of every year during this period.
Britain was in need of immense
raw materials which were exported mainly from India @ dictated by UK and the
finish goods were imported here @ dictated by UK, still the value of Rupees did
not deteriorate to any substantial amount.
In 1947,
one Rupee was equal to 1 US
Dollar and in 2013, on 67th
year of Independence, 1 US
Dollar is about 62 Rupees (61.43), i.e. devaluation of near one rupee
each year. This happened in Independent India.
Can we still proclaim – mera bharat mahan ! If not, then why ?
( in today’s
world, US Dollar is the predominating currency. )
Gold price in
India at different years are given below (10 gms), which shows that it was
almost constant from 1833 to 1931 while started increasing substantially since
1970s and sharply since 2000s.
|
Year
|
Rupees
|
|
Year
|
Rupees
|
|
Year
|
Rupees
|
|
1871
|
18.93
|
|
1899
|
18.94
|
|
1912
|
18.93
|
|
1931
|
18.18
|
|
1935
|
30.81
|
|
1939
|
31.75
|
|
1940
|
36.04
|
|
1945
|
62.00
|
|
1946
|
83.87
|
|
1947
|
88.62
|
|
1967
|
102.50
|
|
1972
|
202.00
|
|
1980
|
1300.00
|
|
1990
|
3200.00
|
|
2000
|
4400.00
|
|
2004
|
5850.00
|
|
2005
|
7000.00
|
|
2007
|
10800.00
|
|
2009
|
14500.00
|
|
2010
|
18500.00
|
|
2012
|
29000.00
|
And one enigma – Dr. Manmohan
Singh is the most learned Premier in contemporary
world, having profound understanding of world economy, bestowed with profuse
experiences at national and international levels. He was Governor of RBI (1982-85) and FM (1991-1996)
before he became the Prime Minister of
India, since 2004 till date.
http://youtu.be/7FKEy_RWwQk
Chitto Jetha Bhayshunyo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chitto jetha bhayashunyo (Where the mind is without fear) is one of the most quoted poems in India and Bangladesh.
Written by Rabindranath Tagore before India's independence, it represents Tagore's dream of how the new, awakened India should be. The original Bengali language poem was translated by the poet himself and was included in the Nobel Prize in Literature-winning Gitanjali in 1912.
Contents
[hide]English text
- Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high;
- Where knowledge is free;
- Where the world has not been broken up into fragments by narrow domestic walls;
- Where words come out from the depth of truth;
- Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection;
- Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way into the dreary desert sand of dead habit;
- Where the mind is led forward by thee into ever-widening thought and action;
- Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.[1]
Bengali text
- চিত্ত যেথা ভয়শূন্য, উচ্চ যেথা শির,
- জ্ঞান যেথা মুক্ত, যেথা গৃহের প্রাচীর
- আপন প্রাঙ্গণতলে দিবসশর্বরী
- বসুধারে রাখে নাই খণ্ড ক্ষুদ্র করি,
- যেথা বাক্য হৃদয়ের উত্সমুখ হতে
- উচ্ছ্বসিয়া উঠে, যেথা নির্বারিত স্রোতে
- দেশে দেশে দিশে দিশে কর্মধারা ধায়
- অজস্র সহস্রবিধ চরিতার্থতায়,
- যেথা তুচ্ছ আচারের মরুবালুরাশি
- বিচারের স্রোতঃপথ ফেলে নাই গ্রাসি---
- পৌরুষেরে করে নি শতধা, নিত্য যেথা
- তুমি সর্ব কর্ম চিন্তা আনন্দের নেতা,
- নিজ হস্তে নির্দয় আঘাত করি, পিতঃ,
- ভারতেরে সেই স্বর্গে করো জাগরিত॥[2]
History and translation
This poem was most likely composed in 1900; it appeared in the volume Naivedya (July 1901). The English translation was composed around 1911, when Tagore was translating some of his work into English after a request from William Rothenstein. It appeared as poem 35 in the English Gitanjali, published by the India Society, London, in 1912.[3] In 1917, Tagore read out the English version, (then titled 'Indian Prayer') at the Indian National Congress session in Calcutta.[4]
As in most of Tagore's translations for the English Gitanjali, almost every line of the English rendering has been considerably simplified. Line 6 in the English omits a reference to manliness (পৌরুষ, pouruSh), and the stern ending of the original, where the father is being enjoined to "strike {the sleeping} nation without mercy," has been softened.
This poem has inspired Indians with its image of a free-thinking, undivided, dynamic nation, and often appears in textbooks. "Chitto Jetha Bhayshunyo" is also popular among liberals in Bangladesh.
President Barack Obama used the first two lines in his 2010 speech to the joint session of Indian Parliament in New Delhi.[5]
Popular Culture
A R Rahman composed an Indian Independence Day tribute song 'Jagao Mere Des Ko' in 2013 featuring the poem, with Suchi and Blaaze, along with an ensemble from KM Music Conservatory. The song was featured in MTV Coke Studio 2013.[6]
INDIA!!!!!!!
REthink ?????
WHERE HAVE YOU BEEN MADE TO STAND!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
JAI HIND!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
JAI BHARAT!
